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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. BAILEY.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

No. 366,367. Patented July'lZ, 1887.

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J. BAILEY.

HYDRAULIC PRESS. No. 366,367. Patented July 12, 1887.

74072765665 Znrenfoz UNITED STATES JOHN BAILEY, OF OARPENTERSVILLE,

ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE ILLINOIS IRON AND BOLT COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 366,367, dated July 12, 1887.

Application filed September 16, 1886. Serial No. 213,735. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN BAILEY, a citizen of the United States, and residing at Carpentersville, in the county of Kane and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Hydraulic Presses, which is fully set forth in the following specification, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a plan view of a hydraulic press embodying my invention; Fig. 2, a sectional view of the same, taken on the line 00 w of Fig. 1, and looking in the direction of the arrow 1; Fig. 3, a sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1 andlookingin the direction of thearrow 2; Fig. 4., a sectional View taken on the line zz of Fig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrow 8; Fig. 5, a plan section taken on the line 1: o of Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 a detail plan section of the piston.

Like letters refer to like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

My invention relates to hydraulic presses,

and has for its object to produce a press which shall be compact in the arrangement of its parts and of large capacity in proportion to the space occupied; also, to produce a press having various improved features to increase its efliciency of operation.

To these ends my invention consists in certain novel features, which I will now proceed to describe, and will then particularly point out in the claims.

In the drawings, A represents the reservoir or cistern, which is preferably cylindrical in form, and B the cylinder, also cylindrical in form and arranged centrally within the reservoir A. In the present instance these two parts are shown formed in a single casting o united to a base, A, which forms the bottom of the reservoir and the head of the cylinder.

The cylinder B is shown as extending upward some distance above the reservoir and provided with a shoulder, 1), upon which and upon 5 the upper edge of the reservoir a cover, A

rests, the said cover closing the open upper end of the reservoir, as shown.

(1 represents the piston, which consists of a series of radial plates or arms, 0, forming at their central junction a hub, c, the said piston being provided at its upper end with the usual follower or pressing-table, C, and at its lower end with a piston-head, C of any approved construction,tl1e said head being shown in the present instance as provided with a washer, C, of leather or other suitable material, inserted in its under side and secured in position by means of a screw-bolt, e. The plates or arms 0 are each provided with a groove or notch, 0 in their outer edge ata point a short distance above the piston head 0 for the purposes hereinafter stated. A passage, I), is formed through the cylinder-wall at the top of the reservoir A, the said passage establish ing a communication between the interior of the cylinder above the piston-head and the reservoir. Only one of these passages is shown in the present instance, but a greater number may be employed, if desired.

D represents the pump, which may be a 0 force pump of any suitable construction bolted directly to the outer wall of the reservoir A,which is provided at this point with a I suitable projecting seat, A, to form a plane surface against which the pump may be held. 7 5 In thepresent instance I have shown the pump as provided with a plunger, D, working in a suitable chamber provided with the usual valves, (1 and d, as shown, the said chamber communicating at one end with a passage, D leading to the interior of the reservoir A, and at the other end with a passage, D, leading to the bottom of the cylinder B,with the interior of which it communicates at this point. The plunger Dis operated by means of a lever, E, pivoted upon a standard, attached to the body of the pump, as shown, and having pivoted to it the upper end of the link E", the lower end of which is pivoted to the head of the plunger. 0

Above the passage D is arranged a bridge,

F, extending from the reservoir-wall to the cylinder-wall, in which bridge the trip-valve is mounted. This valve is shown at G in the several figures of'thc drawings, its stem G ex- 5 tending upward through a cylindrical passage,

f, in the bridge F,within which passage it fits snugly, being made aground-fit within the same. Near the upper portion of the bridge F the passage f communicates with a discharge- 10o aperture, f, leading to the reservoir A. The valvestem G is, as heretofore stated, first made a ground-fit for its entire length above the valve and the discharge-aperture, and is then provided with a series of grooves, g, as shown more particularly in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings, the said grooves extending from the valve to the discharge-aperture, and the stem above that point retaining its cylindrical shape, as shown. The trip-valve is operated by means of a lever, H, the extremity of which is pivoted to the upper end of the valve stem, as shown, the lever being pivoted to a suitable fulcrum, H or H; These fulcrums are shown as arranged on each side of the upper extremity of the valve-stem, and the lever may be fulcrumed upon either'one of them, as desired, to permit the lever to be operated from either side. It will be understood, of course, that a suitable slot will be provided in the lever either at the point of its connecin order to permit this latter to move vertically without lateral straining. The lever H will, in practice, be made of sufficient weight to hold the valve normally in the position shown-that is. to say, against the seat. A

or cap, isv formed in the top or covering A in order to permit the reservoir to be filled without removing the said cover. I

The operation of my hydraulic press may be readily understood from the preceding description. The reservoir A is first filled with somesuitable liquid -such, for example, as oil, which I' prefer, water, or the like. In filling the reservoir, when the oil reaches the height of the aperture bf, it will overflow into the cylinder, and the filling may becontinue-d until the oil stands on the same level in the cylinder above the piston therein as it does in the reservoir. The pump-chamber will of course be filled at the same time. By this means it will be seen that the cylinder is employed as a partial reservoir, thus enabling me to diminish the size of the reservoir proper and consequently reduce the space occupied by the whole apparatus, The construction of the piston O with the radial plates or arms 0 forms a series of spaces above the piston-head,which is occupied by the oil, a free communication betweenthese spaces being established by means of the grooves 0 by reason of which construction they all communicate witheach other and with the reservoir through the pas sage b.

Of course a central piston of small diameter might be employed as a substitute for the construction shown; but I prefer this latter on account of its superior strength and durability. Upon operating the pump the oil is forced into the cylinder B underneath the pistonhead to' operate the pump in the usual manner. As the i piston-head and piston rise the oil above the head will flow back in the reservoir through 5 the passage b, thus supplying the reservoir to compensate for the loss of the oil drawn therei .from by the pump. Another function of the passage b is to prevent the piston and its parts from being forced entirely out of the cylinder,

. since when the piston-head reaches the level it reaches the dischargeaperture f, through which it will pass to the reservoir. Since the grooves g terminate at this discharge-aperture, the oil cannot leak past this point, but must pass through the discharge-aperture, being'prevented from rising above the same by the cylindrical upper portion of the valve-stem, which fits snugly within the upper portion of the passage f. tion with the fulcrum or with the valve-stem i cylinder within the reservoirI am enabled to greatly economize space by reason of the compactness of this arrangement, this economy Q beingincreasedby mounting the pump directlyupon the side of the reservoir, as shown and filling-aperture, I, closed, by a suitable plug .cylinder within the reservoir enables me to It will be at once seen that by arranging the described. Moreover, this arrangement-ofthe more readily connect the two, so as to utilize the cylinder as an auxiliary reservoir, as here inbefore described.

It is obvious that various modifications in the details of construction and arrangement of the parts may be made without departing from.

the principle of myinvention' and I therefore do not wish to be understood as limiting myself strictly to the precise details hereinbefore described, and shown in the drawings.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, aud'desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- V 1.'In a hydraulic press, the combination, with the reservoir, of the cylinder, the piston arranged therein and provided with spaces to ing the same, of the piston arranged in the cylinder and provided with spaces to form in conjunction with the upper portion of the cylinder an auxiliary reservoir above the pistonhead, and a passage leading from the reservoir through the cylinder into the said spaces above purposes specified.

3. In a hydraulic press, the reservoir and the cylinder provided with a passage through its upper portion communicating therewith,

ICC

the piston-head, substantially as and for the I in combination with the piston provided with head 0", radial plates c, and hub a, said plates having communicating grooves or notches 0 substantially as and for the purposes specified. JOHN BAILEY.

Witnesses: JoHN .F. FIERKE O. E. GRIEFITH. 

